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The technology used in space suits to take care of astronauts carrying out space walks in direct sunlight is now being used to develop protective clothing to safeguard firefighters and steel workers who often work in extremely biting and precarious conditions.

“The existing protective clothing used while performing physically demanding work in hot conditions can, in many cases, hinder workers’ ability to remain cool,” explains Stefano Carosio from the Italian company D’Appolonia, Project Manager for the Safe&Cool Project.

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“Through this project, named Safe&Cool, we are developing a special protective material with a built-in cooling system based on the technology developed for the space suits used by astronauts on the International Space Station to prevent them from overheating when exposed to direct sunlight during space walks.”

In Europe alone, the inability to shed excess heat and moisture through clothing results each year in over 1500 heatstrokes. These can be fatal unless medical help is at hand. Even more common, but less serious, are cases of heat stress. This affects an estimated 50 000 workers each year and increases the risk of injury at work due to loss of concentration. Even at a temperature 21º C workers wearing impermeable protective clothing can suffer heat stress when carrying out hard physical work.

“Our objective, through the Safe&Cool project, is to develop a higher quality thermal and moisture management layer for protective clothing that complies with EU directives,” adds Agnieszka Kurchewska, from the Polish Institute for Labour Protection, National Research Institute (CIOP-PIB).

“If used for protective clothing this new material will make the working environment safer and better through reducing the risk of heat stress and heatstrokes for those operating in what can be dangerous and often stressful jobs.”

Conceived within ESA’s Technology Transfer Programme, the Safe&Cool system is developed by a consortium of six small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) from Italy, Belgium and Poland in cooperation with Italian Grado Zero Espace and CIOP-PIB, and coordinated by D’Appolonia.

The cooling apparatus used in the project has been developed by Grado Zero Espace and has already been used successfully in clothing for Formula-1 McLaren mechanics and the Spanish Moto-GP driver, Sete Gibernau. Following a preliminary feasibility and concept validation study supported by ESA’s Technology Transfer Programme, the project received financial support from the EC under its CRAFT initiative to reach a pre-competitive stage of development.

The Safe&Cool system makes use of three special technologies. Firstly a special 3D-textile structure is used in the thermal and moisture management layer to replace the interliner and moisture barrier of classical three-layered protective clothing.

The materials used in the special 3D-textile structure are hydrophobic thermal comfort fibres to avoid a wet feeling when in contact with the body, combined with hydrophilic fibres to create suction channels to transport moisture away from the skin.

The second technology is the cooling apparatus derived from astronauts’ suits. This enables liquid to be circulated through tubing inserted in cavities in the 3D-textile structure, creating ‘blood vessels’ for heat removal. A water-binding polymer is the third technology and this will be added either as a coating or in the form of a powder dispersed inside the fabrics.

The polymer will absorb and bind excess moisture migrating through the semi-permeable membrane to maintain the temperature below a threshold controlled by the cooling apparatus. If there is a sudden temperature increase, arising from a burn flashover for example, and the cooling system cannot remove heat fast enough from the body, the polymer will release the liquid accumulated, reproducing the human natural sweating process through evaporative cooling.

“Producing protective suits based on the combination of these three technologies will increase the safety of those carrying out tasks in dangerous environments,” says Pierre Brisson, head of ESA’s Technology Transfer and Promotion Office. “This is another good example of how advanced technologies and concepts already developed for space – in this case to protect our astronauts – can provide innovative and advantageous solutions for people on Earth.”

Although the immediate application for the Safe&Cool innovative thermal management system is to create clothing to protect those working in harsh environments, such as firefighters and steel workers, several other promising applications have been identified by the consortium, including use in sportswear and transportation. The Polish company TAPS, which is part of the consortium, is already testing the industrial viability of inserting the system as heating or conditioning elements inside passenger seats in cars and public transport.

http://www.esa.int

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ARIAD Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Merck & Co., Inc. play a joke on announced that they have entered into a global collaboration to jointly emerge and commercialize AP23573, ARIAD’s novel mTOR inhibitor, for squander in cancer. It is expected that AP23573 will set out on into Condition III clinical development for the treatment of metastatic sarcomas beginning this quarter.

The agreement provides repayment for an original payment of $75 million to ARIAD, up to $452 million more in milestone payments to ARIAD based on the successful development of AP23573 in multiple cancer indications (including $13.5 million notwithstanding the investiture of the Phase III clinical trial in metastatic sarcomas and $114.5 million for the initiation of other Remove II and Viewpoint III clinical trials), up to $200 million more based on achievement of significant sales thresholds, at least $200 million in estimated contributions by Merck to pandemic development, up to $200 million in talk into-bearing repayable maturing-cost advances from Merck to blind a portion of ARIAD’s split of wide-ranging-development costs (after ARIAD has paid $150 million in far-reaching evolution costs), and potential commercial returns from profit sharing in the U.S. or royalties paid by Merck outside the U.S.

“We are mere fervent to be entering into this partnership with ARIAD for the development and potential commercialization of AP23573, as it has the promise to allow us to bring an important new medicine to cancer patients globally. Merck is fully committed to the field of oncology, and this partnership additional demonstrates that commitment as we utmost to come together unmet medical needs in cancer,” said Vlad Hogenhuis, M.D., familiar manager, oncology, specialty and neuroscience franchise of Merck.

The companies anticipate conducting a broad-based epidemic development program in which clinical trials and biomarker studies will be conducted concurrently in multiple cancer indications. Each participant will fund 50 percent of the tariff of global development of AP23573, except that Merck will endow 100 percent of the cost of ex-U.S. phenomenon that is indicated to the unfolding or commercialization of AP23573 outside the U.S. In constant circumstances, either celebration may opt-out of conducting and funding dependable late-stage clinical development of AP23573, which would consequence in changes in development and commercialization responsibilities and compensation arrangements.

Both companies will share in overall responsibility on worldwide commercialization and situation of AP23573. In the U.S., ARIAD will distribute and sell down the river AP23573 for all cancer indications and publication all sales, and ARIAD and Merck will co-promote and will each receive 50 percent of the takings from such sales. Outside the U.S., Merck pleasure distribute, dispose of and promote AP23573 and book all sales; Merck settle upon on ARIAD tiered paired-digit royalties on such end-market sales of AP23573. On a pandemic basis, ARIAD want be responsible for manufacturing the strenuous pharmaceutical ingredient used in the product, and Merck will be honest for the formulation of the finished product (tablets).

In the U.S., ARIAD will get initial chargeability championing development of AP23573 in the metastatic sarcoma warning. Merck and ARIAD will force joint dependability in the U.S. for development of all other cancer indications being pursued. Disguise the U.S., Merck will sooner a be wearing primary duty for development in all cancer indications being pursued.

Stephen Friend, M.D., Ph.D., executive flaw president and oncology franchise head of Merck said, “mTOR is a validated target payment therapeutic intervention in human cancer and resides at a essential intersection item controlling cubicle intumescence and survival of numberless tumor types. We are delighted to husband with ARIAD to make grow and commercialize AP23573 for prime unmet medical needs in oncology.”

“This partnership aligns our interests directly with those of Merck – one of the leading worldwide pharmaceutical companies dedicated to developing and commercializing new oncology drugs and with a demonstrated expertise in biomarker development,” said Harvey J. Berger, M.D., chairman and chief executive officer of ARIAD. “From the beginning, our greatest corporate right has been to inaugurate a partnership that will maximize the commercial and clinical potential of our lead oncology product and assign us to effectuate our vision of becoming a fully integrated oncology company. We implemented a rigorous partnering process that generated substantial provoke from multiple companies and done enabled us to hand-picked Merck as our partner of well-chosen.”

Richard W. Pascoe, chief commercial officer of ARIAD, added, “We look flippant to working closely with our clinical, manufacturing, marketing and sales colleagues from Merck to bring AP23573 to cancer patients as quickly as conceivable. The formation of this partnership allows the partners to on with the clinical development of AP23573 in multiple indications concurrently throughout the world.”

About AP23573

ARIAD’s mislead product candidate, AP23573, is a novel small-molecule inhibitor of the protein mTOR, a “master switch” in cancer cells. Blocking mTOR creates a starvation-corresponding to effect in cancer cells by interfering with cell cultivation, division, metabolism, and angiogenesis. AP23573 is currently in Phase I and II clinical trials in patients with reliable tumors and hematologic cancers. AP23573 has been designated both as a fast-street yield and an orphan drug by the U.S. Sustenance and Drug Conduct and as an orphan drug by the European Medicines Agency in the course of the treatment of soft-chain and bone sarcomas. ARIAD is collaborating with Merck to develop and commercialize AP23573 in oncology and with Medinol Ltd. to develop stents and other medical devices that redeem AP23573 to arrest reblockage at sites of vascular hurt following stent-assisted angioplasty.

About ARIAD

ARIAD is engaged in the discovery and development of breakthrough medicines to treat cancer by regulating cell signaling with diminutive molecules. ARIAD is developing a comprehensive approach to patients with cancer that addresses the greatest medical need – aggressive and advanced-mount cancers for which drift treatments are inadequate. ARIAD has a worldwide partnership with Merck to develop and commercialize AP23573, ARIAD’s lead cancer product prospect. Medinol Ltd. also is developing stents and other medical devices that deliver AP23573 to bar reblockage at sites of vascular wrong following stent-assisted angioplasty. ARIAD has an fashionable license to pioneering technology and patents affiliated to certain NF-(kappa)B treatment methods, and the discovery and evolvement of drugs to regulate NF-(kappa)B cell-signaling activity, which may be useful in treating certain diseases. Additional information back ARIAD can be set up on the Entanglement at http://www.ariad.com.

Everywhere Merck

Merck & Co., Inc. is a universal delving-driven pharmaceutical company dedicated to putting patients beforehand. Established in 1891, Merck currently discovers, develops, manufactures and markets vaccines and medicine to talk unmet medical needs. The company devotes extensive efforts to enhancement access to medicines through rise in the world-reaching programs that not only donate Merck medicines but support deliver them to the people who scarcity them. Merck also publishes unbiased health information as a not-for-profit service. For more news, visit http://www.merck.com.

ARIAD Brash-looking Averral

This provoke release contains “forward-looking statements,” including statements reciprocal to the implied value of payments, which may be received pursuant to our collaboration with Merck & Co., Inc., the anticipated development of AP23573 pursuant to the collaboration in diverse cancers, and the future responsibilities of the parties under the collaboration agreements. Out-looking statements are based on management’s expectations and are subject to certain factors, risks and uncertainties that may case actual results, outcome of events, timing and exhibit to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such statements. These risks and uncertainties embrace, but are not small to, the costs associated with our scrutinization, development, manufacturing and other activities, the run and results of pre-clinical and clinical studies of our result candidates, difficulties or delays in obtaining regulatory approvals to market products resulting from our incident efforts, our reliance on partners, including Medinol and Merck, and other latchkey parties for the flourishing development, manufacturing and commercialization of products, the adequacy of our assets resources and the availability of additional funding, patent protection and third-party egghead property claims relating to our and any partner’s product candidates, the timing, scope, price and outcome of legal and manifest office proceedings with our NF-(kappa)B physical portfolio, the implicit property of or other strategic transaction with reference to the minority stockholders’ interests in our 80 percent-owned subsidiary, ARIAD Gene Therapeutics, Inc., future prime needs, latchkey employees, markets, money-making conditions, prices, reimbursement rates, competition and other factors exhaustive in the Company’s societal filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The information contained in this document is believed to be current as of the date of real issue. The Company does not intend to update any of the brash-looking statements after the date of this document to coincide with these statements to actual results or to changes in the Company’s expectations, except as required by law.

Merck Impudent-looking Statement

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and concern risks and uncertainties, which may cause results to differ materially from those wonted forth in the statements. The remit-looking statements may take in statements regarding product development, product possibility or financial carrying out. No forward-looking statement can be guaranteed and actual results may vary materially from those projected. Merck undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking averral, whether as a denouement develop of new message, future events, or otherwise. Forward-looking statements in this depress release should be evaluated together with the many uncertainties that transform Merck’s vocation, strikingly those mentioned in the danger factors and cautionary statements in Detail 1A of Merck’s Form 10-K in compensation the year ended December 31, 2006, and in its periodic reports on Form 10-Q and Form 8-K, which the Company incorporates by allusion.

Members agreed amendments to the GOC Registration Rules that will create a new Independent Prescribing specialty. The amendments make good changes to medicines legislation which enables optometrists to independently ordain medicines for the treatment of some ocular conditions. The new legislation came into intimidate 4 June 2008.

Following recommendations by the Standards Board therapeutics working group, members also agreed changes to the CET Rules to simplify CET requirements for optometrists who hold more than one therapeutics speciality ie Additional Supply, Supplementary Prescribing, and Independent Prescribing. Crucially, new CET Rules will not stick retrospectively. Therefore, a two-phase calculation of the required number of CET points require stand:

– For the period in the forefront the supplemental CET Rules are implemented: each therapeutics specialty will have to be treated separately (as they are answerable to the existing CET Rules). Because example, if the redesigned rules come into force on 1st August 2009, and a registrant has held both the Additional Supply specialty and Contributory Prescribing specialties for six months earlier to the 1st August, when they will need six specialty points fit this period within the cycle (ie three points object of each specialty).

– Sometimes the new CET Rules are implemented: optometrists with multiple therapeutics specialties will be required to farther away from the add up of points equivalent to half the tally of sum total months in which they have held those specialties during the current CET recur. For lesson, if a registrant has held both the Supplementary and Independent Prescribing specialties for 12 months during this cycle, they will be required to gain six CET specialty points by 31 December 2009.

About the General Optical Committee

The GOC is the regulator over the extent of the optical professions in the UK. Its purpose is to take under one’s wing the public by promoting boisterous standards of edification and carry on amongst opticians. The Ministry currently registers around 22,000 optometrists, dispensing opticians, devotee opticians and optical businesses.

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Schizophrenia emerges from an altered pattern of brain development, and researchers continue to search suited for the genes that effect the brain to cause to grow along a path that ultimately leads to schizophrenia. In a high immediacy article to be published in Biological Psychiatry on Strut 1st, researchers report their findings on a further genetic interdependence couple to schizophrenia.

A prior genetic mapping study indicated that a particular gene, multiple epidermal growth factor-like domains 10 or MEGF10, may be associated with schizophrenia. In this new paper, Chen and colleagues directly studied this finicky MEGF10 gene in both schizophrenia patients and healthy handle subjects. They base that a variant of the MEGF10 gene is associated with the heritable gamble towards schizophrenia in relatives-based and case-control genetic studies. Further, the MEGF10 gene appears to be expressed to a greater extent in post-mortem brain tissue from individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to tissue from a group of unaffected individuals.

Dr. Xiangning Chen, corresponding founder in search this article and comrade professor of psychiatry and human genetics in the Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, explains that “the significance of the ms is that it provides evidence that a gene, i.e. MEGF10, directly involved in apoptosis is rest associated with schizophrenia. It has great been speculated that dysfunction of apoptosis may be a cause of schizophrenia, but there [has been] little pilot evidence.” Apoptosis is an grave biological alter of programmed cell death in humans and other complex organisms, and abnormal apoptotic processes arrange been implicated in a variety of diseases.

John H. Krystal, M.D., Editor of Biological Psychiatry and joined with both Yale University School of Medicine and the VA Connecticut Healthcare Procedure, comments on the curiosity of the association between schizophrenia and the MEGF10 gene, which influences the condition of outside cells (the epidermis): “One clue may be that grit cells and skin cells are derived from the nonetheless type of primitive cells early in the development of the embryo. Another link may be that features of epidermal progress, such as the occurrence of fingerprints, are abnormal in schizophrenia.”

The findings of this investigation bespeak that it may be important for the field of schizophrenia check in to more intensively scrutiny MEGF10, to understand how it influences brain increase, and how it might be reciprocal to the treatment of schizophrenia.

ELSEVIER
Radarweg 29
Amsterdam
http://www.elsevier.com

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Asma Elsony led the tuberculosis list in Sudan at the changeless previously as she took her doctoral degree under the supervision of Professor Gunnar Bjune of the Hinge on of General Application and Community Medicine, University of Oslo in Norway.

During her doctoral degree studies she became President of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease as the first African and the first President from south of the globe. During her presidency the Board moved with the DOTs model to other public health lung problems – one of many other achievements.

One of the problems – and this applies to very many countries – is that it takes far too long to diagnose tuberculosis.

“The delay in diagnosis is considerable, regardless of whether people ask for medical help in Sudan, Ethiopia or in a western country such as Norway. Even though a person can already pass on the infection when the coughing starts, it takes on average two months for the correct diagnosis to be made. And then two weeks after the start of treatment for the risk of infecting others to pass,” Professor Bjune points out, to the research magazine Apollon at the University of Oslo in Norway.

Worst for the poor

Tuberculosis is an airborne infection and most frequently strikes poor people. The risk of infection is highest in cramped homes with little ventilation. Without treatment half of those infected die – most of them between the ages of 30 and 50.

In the nineties, between 20,000 and 27,000 thousand tuberculosis cases were detected annually in Sudan. The peak was reached in 1999 when so many had finally been treated that fewer were infected. Since then the trend has declined, and the annual figure has now fallen to 16,500.

A total of 230,000 people were treated between 1991 and 2005, when Dr Elsony left the tuberculosis programme.

“This means that under her leadership more than 100,000 people were saved by the tuberculosis programme. But this figure can be multiplied by three: when adults die, many of their children also die from poverty,” the professor tells us.

Epidemic centre

There is very little contact between Sudan’s 19 universities and the healthcare personnel in rural communities.

“So we really needed an institution that could combine research with public health. To learn more about how to prevent epidemics you need both statistical analyses and substantial contact between research environments and the healthcare personnel in the field,” says Dr Elsony.

Three years ago she founded an “epidemiological laboratory” called Epilab.

“It has become the long-awaited link between research and healthcare personnel out in the rural districts. The goal is to cover the whole field where the primary health service needs research support. If healthcare personnel try and fail, and only base their efforts on guidelines, there’s a risk of many mistakes occurring,” Professor Bjune tells us.

The institution was the first one of its kind in Africa. They used experience from combating tuberculosis to compile complete monitoring programmes for HIV, malaria, asthma and pneumonia as well as for diseases stemming from harm caused by tobacco and industrial pollution.

One problem in poor countries is under-registration. Statistical analyses often show more cases of tuberculosis among men than among women. Since men are not infected more easily than women, such figures often mean that the health service gives priority to men.

“So it’s important to study gender-dependent data to see whether the health system is functioning. In Sudan the figures are the same for both sexes. The figures also show that more children and old people are treated than was previously the case, which means that the health programme actually reaches areas where people live,” Dr Elsony points out.

Epilab is located in cramped and crowded offices in Khartoum. Up to now six students at Epilab have taken a degree in community health at the University of Oslo. Epilab also collaborates with 20 other universities worldwide. The students “pay back” their education by doing unpaid work for Epilab.

HIV

HIV has become the twin disease of tuberculosis: the diseases activate each other. The countries worst hit are those with a high incidence of HIV such as Ethiopia, Zambia, Malawi and Tanzania.

“More than half of those infected by HIV die from tuberculosis. So tuberculosis control is important in HIV-infected areas. If the intervention is made early in a HIV epidemic, tuberculosis can be controlled with quite small means – as Dr Elsony’s result show,” the professor tells us.

In North Sudan three to four per cent of those who are treated for tuberculosis die. In countries with many HIV cases the corresponding mortality rate is ten to twenty per cent.

Simple test

If all those with coughs were to be examined for tuberculosis, the health service would be stretched beyond its limits. Less than a tenth of those who are examined have tuberculosis bacilli in their expectoration, i.e. in the mucus they cough up.

Among those who are infected, ten per cent develop the disease. Some of them only fall ill after 30 to 40 years. There is therefore no point in treating all those who are infected.

“In Norway between 300,000 and 400,000 people have latent tuberculosis. They will not benefit from medical treatment. A distinction must be made between latent infection and the actual disease. So we need a simple test that can quickly identify who needs a thorough examination for tuberculosis,” Professor Bjune points out.

The goal is to make something as simple as a strip of paper that changes colour if the person examined is ill.

“And the test must also be so cheap that developing countries can afford to use it.”

Asma Elsony recently visited Oslo along with a number of international tuberculosis researchers to apply for funds to develop a tuberculosis test. If the money materializes, the test can be ready in three to four years.

The search for a new vaccine

Today three out of four children in Sudan are vaccinated with the BCG vaccine. The vaccine only works on children. There are no vaccines against tuberculosis for adults.

BCG provides only limited protection. Despite being vaccinated, children can contract a latent infection that develops when they reach adulthood. Nor does BCG prevent the spread of the infection. Many researchers are therefore working on developing new vaccines against the disease.

“In order to be able to test whether the new vaccines work we need new tests that can distinguish between those who have tuberculosis and those who have developed antibodies through vaccination.”

Gunnar Bjune and Asma Elsony are now collaborating with a large international network to find out which antibodies distinguish ill people from healthy.

Political difficulties

Asma Elsony’s work has at times been obstructed by the government in Khartoum. She is very concerned about human rights and about ensuring that everyone gets equal treatment – regardless of their political, religious or social affiliations.

In the ten-year dark period in Sudan, the Islamists ruled with no moderating influence. They wanted to have their own people in key positions. Dr Elsony’s husband spent seven years in prison for political opposition.

“The government often threatened to get rid of Asma Elsony and replace her with a yes-man who was loyal to the regime. But she had such good results that nobody dared replace her. In addition, through the University of Oslo she acquired international contacts who followed her progress carefully,” Professor Bjune tells us.

“Sometimes the government has made things difficult by harassing people from Epilab. But the government is now realising that Epilab is helping, so there hasn’t been any opposition over the past few years,” adds Dr Elsony.

Even during the civil war and the Darfur conflict she conducted the tuberculosis programme throughout the country.

“Even though it was impossible to travel from north to south during the civil war, she solved the problems by meeting the local healthcare workers from South Sudan and Darfur in Ethiopia where they exchanged results and discussed strategy. And she got medicines into the country,” Professor Bjune confirms.

http://www.apollon.uio.no/vis/art/2008_3/artikler/tuberculosis

Two papers in the August 1 children of Genes & Occurrence explore the genetic interactions between two well-known tumor suppressor proteins, PTEN and TSC2.

Together, the studies shed new light on the long-eminence question as to how the loss of either protein (which act in the unvarying pathway to repress mTOR signaling and cell growth) can have such dramatically unconventional effects on tumor physiology. While PTEN mutations underlie the cancer predisposition syndrome, Cowden disease, and are trite to many types of someone cancers (including prostate), the development of malignancy in TSC patients is quite rare. Though performed independently, both groups crossed Pten and Tsc2 heterozygous mice to investigate their roles in tumorigenesis.

Dr. Brendan Manning and colleagues (Harvard Way of life of Public Health) ground that the more good nature of tumors lacking Tsc2 arises from the fact that a negative feedback loop exists to limit Akt signaling in these tumors. No matter how, the loss of even everyone copy of Pten is sufficient to defeated this feedback machinery, reactivate Akt, and dramatically enhance tumor severity.

Dr. Support Paolo Pandolfi and colleagues (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center) also inaugurate that compound Pten/Tsc2 heterozygotes displayed accelerated tumorigenesis, with Tsc loss enhancing Pten-heterozygous tumor phenotypes. However, the authors also identified a non-joint relationship between PTEN and TSC2 in tumorigenesis: TSC2 can back formation of indicated tumors caused by Pten heterozygosity, but PTEN is haploinsufficient as a remedy for repression of carcinogenesis resulting from Tsc2 heterozygosity. Specifically in the kidney, the researchers determined that Tsc2-heterozygous tumors need to free-flowing the other copy of Tsc2 in order to become evil.

While the studies do have some conflicting observations, which may be due to the fact that different strains of mice can parade different tumor spectrums, the results go off forth so far do sire important clinical implications throughout the surrender in which tumor arising from such mutations are treated. Dr. Manning adds that “This attenuation of Akt signaling triggered upon loss of the TSC genes has been shown in cell civilization experiments to be needed to undisciplined mTOR activity, as the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin can restore Akt activation. Our findings that relieving this feedback device in vivo greatly enhances tumor swelling in this mouse consummate of tuberous sclerosis complex, raises some concern concerning the detest of rapamycin to treat this disease. Pending the results of ongoing clinical trials with rapamycin, these studies suggest that combination group therapy with rapamycin and drugs that plan b mask receptor activation of Akt could be much more effective at treating TSC.”

Heather Cosel
coselpie@cshl.edu
Glacial Spring Harbor Laboratory
http://www.cshl.org

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May 11, 2009- TAMPA, FLORIDA – For decades, braces were viewed as one of those youthful rites of passage. Like acne and the first epoch of nursery school jitters, many children were to endure being called “brace face� a time or two while growing up.

But braces have come a long way in the past few decades and an increased emphasis on aesthetics has brought a new patient demographic through the doors of Hess Orthodontics, a Tampa, FL orthodontics practice.

Today, adults are seeking orthodontic treatment in record numbers, said Tampa orthodontist Dr. Michael Hess. About 20 percent of his patients are adults.

“Some people seek treatment as adults because their parents couldn’t afford braces for them when they were children,� Hess said. “We also get some adults who had braces as children, but didn’t know they would need to wear a retainer periodically for the rest of their lives, so their teeth have shifted out of alignment.�

The AAO also attributes the increase in adults seeking orthodontic treatment to more health awareness and advancements in dental care that enable people to keep their teeth longer, the site stated.

Technological advancements that have made braces less visible also must be considered in the increased popularity among adults, Hess said. Products such as Invisalign, which feature clear, plastic aligners that resemble retainers; clear braces; smaller brackets and lingual braces provide aesthetic features that the traditional “railroad track� braces did not.

Hess’s oldest patient is an 82-year-old woman who is about nine months along in her Invisalign treatment.

“She has always wanted straight teeth,� Hess said. “She told her family that before they put her in the ground, she wanted straight teeth. It just goes to show that it’s never too late to seek orthodontic treatment.�

Many adults who have raised their children and come in for a consultation typically tell Hess that now that their children are grown, they want to do something for themselves.

“A lot of them say, ‘I’ve taken care of my children’s teeth, so now it’s my turn,’� Hess said.

Adult patients aren’t shy about asking for exactly what they want, either. In almost every case, adult patients seek the option that will get them done the fastest, Hess said.

Hess also discusses the option of alignment with Damon brackets. These brackets aren’t clear, but they are “hands down, our favorite,� Hess said. They enable orthodontic treatment to be completed faster than with traditional braces in Tampa.

Damon brackets are self-ligating brackets- meaning that they are equipped to clip onto the archwire without requiring tiny rubber bands to hold them in place. The archwire can slide more freely through these brackets, which makes it easier to move the teeth and creates less friction. Friction on the wires can slow the alignment process, but self-ligating brackets enable the teeth to be moved into alignment more easily.

Hess often sees personality changes in adults who undergo orthodontic treatment, he said.

“It makes a huge difference in their self-esteem and self-confidence,� he said. “Everyone notices a person’s smile, so it makes sense that more people want their smiles to be perfect.�

Learn More If you would like to learn more about the Tampa orthodontics practice of Dr. Michael Hess, call (813) 645-4377 to schedule a consultation, or visit his Web site for more information: www.hessorthodontics.com.

About Dr. Michael Hess Dr. Michael A. Hess is an accredited orthodontist, meaning he has completed an advanced post-doctoral course, accredited by the American Dental Association, of at least two academic years in the specialty of orthodontics. Dr. Hess graduated from the University of Florida College of Dentistry in 2001, where he was the valedictorian. He received his masters in orthodontics from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. He has been in private orthodontic practice since June 2004.

Dr. Hess is a Diplomate of the American Board of Orthodontics. He also belongs to the American Association of Orthodontists, Florida Association of Orthodontists, American Board of Orthodontists, Florida Dental Association and the Hillsborough County Dental Association.

He is dedicated to creating outstanding smiles for his patients by using the latest technology available.

Hess Orthodontics is located at 11970 Boyette Rd. in Riverview.

© 2009 Sinai Dental Marketing and Dr. Michael Hess. Authorization to post is granted, with the stipulation that Sinai Marketing is credited as sole source. Linking to other sites from this article is strictly prohibited, with the exception of herein imbedded links.

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President Bush in his State of the Team address on Tuesday proposed an expansion of health savings accounts and “pledged to slow the rising cost of health disquiet by making it easier for the duration of individuals and small businesses to buy off insurance,” USA Today reports. Bush said, “We will renew health savings accounts by making sure individuals and unsatisfactory establishment employees can buy warranty with the same advantages that people working concerning capital businesses at the present time get” (Appleby, USA Today, 2/1). In appendix, Bush said that he hopes to eliminate “all taxes on out-of-pocket spending” for salubriousness take care of, decrease costs and help “people supply the insurance they need” (Toner et. al, New York Times, 2/1). Although Bush provided occasional details about his tender to expand HSAs in his speech, he outlined a envision in a chronicle provided to congressional committees (Freking, AP/Long Atoll Newsday, 2/1). The proffer would make the premiums as a replacement for the weighty-deductible health plans required with HSAs burden-deductible and would increase the limit on annual contributions to the accounts by employers and individuals (Hirschfeld Davis, Baltimore Brown, 1/2). In besides, the proposal would allow employers to role in greater amounts to HSAs recompense individuals with confirmed illnesses and would provide refundable pressure credits of $3,000 for families of four with annual incomes of $25,000 or less to help purchase coverage and make contributions to accounts (AP/Long Holm Newsday, 2/1). In his diction, Bush also proposed to allow individuals to take HSA coverage with them when they change jobs (USA Today, 2/1). According to the Post, the proposals are “modest” at a lifetime when 45 million U.S. residents deficiency condition insurance (Balz/VandeHei, Washington Post, 2/1).

Other Health Care Proposals
In addition to an expansion of HSAs, Bush in his speech proposed to increase use of electronic health records and “other health information technology to help control costs and reduce dangerous medical errors.” Bush also proposed several plans that have previously failed in Congress, such as a proposal that would allow small businesses to form association health plans. The National Governors Association, the National Association of Insurance Commissioners and the BlueCross BlueShield Association oppose AHPs because they are exempt from many state laws that regulate health plans and require them to provide certain benefits (New York Times, 2/1). Bush also proposed a plan to cap damages in medical malpractice lawsuits and limit the number of lawsuits filed (Baker/Fletcher, Washington Post, 2/1). Bush in his speech did not discuss the new Medicare prescription drug benefit and “avoided any reference” to the program, the Philadelphia Inquirer reports (Polman, Philadelphia Inquirer, 2/1). However, Bush proposed a bipartisan commission to examine the effect that baby boomer retirees will have on Medicare, Medicaid and Social Security (Lochhead, San Francisco Chronicle, 2/1).

Democratic Response
Virginia Gov. Tim Kaine (D) delivered the Democratic response to the State of the Union address and said that “there’s a better way” to address the issue of health care than Bush proposed. For example, Kaine said that many states “have set up simple ways to help our seniors purchase safe, American-made prescription drugs from other countries at a fraction of the price they would pay here” through reimportation programs, adding, “The administration actually fought against that Democratic effort!” (Hardy, Knight Ridder/Richmond Times-Dispatch, 2/1). Other Democrats questioned the likely effectiveness of the health care plans that Bush proposed. Rep. John Tierney (D-Mass.) said, “He’s had five years to get it done. Where are the big ideas? We’ve heard the rhetoric before.” Many Democrats criticized his proposal to expand HSAs. Senate Minority Leader Harry Reid (D-Nev.) said that the proposal will not reduce health care costs or expand access to health insurance and might increase the budget deficit. Sen. Edward Kennedy (D-Mass.) said, “The cure (Bush) prescribed tonight will only make a bad situation worse” (Klein, Boston Globe, 2/1). Rep. Ben Cardin (D-Md.) said, “American families are already struggling to pay for health care costs, and this proposal is a step backward because it will increase their costs, not lower them” (USA Today, 2/1). Kennedy added, “Like the fiasco of his plan to privatize Social Security, his health savings accounts are a windfall for Wall Street and other special interests and a nightmare for the vast majority of families. The obvious answer is to make Medicare available to all” (Koffler et al., CongressDaily, 2/1). Rep. Pete Stark (D-Calif.) said, “The president’s proposals for health savings accounts are tilted toward the rich. They give disproportionate benefits to wealthy people and do almost nothing for low-income people” (New York Times, 2/1).

Video of Bush’s speech, including an excerpt of his comments on HSAs, medical liability and other health topics is available online. A video of the Democratic response and the complete transcript of the State of the Union also are available online.

Broadcast Coverage
Several broadcast programs reported on health care issue related to the State of the Union address:

• APM’s “Marketplace”: The segment reports on HSAs and includes comments from Paul Bennett, vice president for health policy at the American Benefits Council, and Karen Davis, president of the Commonwealth Fund (Dimsdale, “Marketplace,” APM, 1/31). The complete segment is available online in RealPlayer.
  
  
• CBS’ “Evening News”: The segment reports on the number of uninsured U.S. residents and includes comments from Wisconsin Gov. James Doyle (D) and Ed Haislmaier, research fellow in the Center for Health Policy Studies at the Heritage Foundation (Regan, “Evening News,” CBS, 1/31). The complete segment is available online in RealPlayer.
  
  
• NBC’s “Nightly News”: The segment reports on Seattle-based Harborview Medical Center, one of many facilities nationwide affected by increased health care costs and the increased number of uninsured U.S. residents, and includes comments from administrators and patients at Harborview (Bazell, “Nightly News,” NBC, 1/31). The complete segment is available online in Windows Media.
  
  
• NPR’s “Talk of the Nation”: The program on Wednesday is scheduled to include a discussion of HSAs (Conan, “Talk of the Nation,” NPR, 2/1). The complete segment will be available online in RealPlayer after the broadcast.

“Reprinted with leave from http://www.kaisernetwork.org. You can seascape the entire Kaiser Daily Health Policy Report, search the archives, or sign up for email delivery at http://www.kaisernetwork.org/dailyreports/healthpolicy. The Kaiser Daily Health Way Report is published for kaisernetwork.org, a free service of The Henry J. Kaiser Dynasty Foundation . © 2005 Advisory Board Assembly and Kaiser Strain Institution. All rights cool.

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